Grad PLUS loans vs. private student loans

The Grad PLUS loan program has been a significant federal funding source for graduate students since 2006. Starting July 1, 2026, Grad PLUS loans will no longer be available for students beginning new graduate programs. If you’re planning to start a master’s program fall 2026 or beyond, you’ll need different funding strategies to cover your full cost of attendance.

This change affects thousands of graduate students who previously relied on Grad PLUS loans to bridge the funding gap between the $20,500 annual Direct Unsubsidized Loan limit and their actual program costs. What’s happening with Grad PLUS loans in the coming years and your alternatives now helps you plan your education financing strategically rather than scrambling for options later.

Graduate student meeting with university financial aid counselor in modern office

What's happening with Grad PLUS loans

The federal government is eliminating Grad PLUS loans for students who begin new graduate or professional programs after July 1, 2026. Current graduate students and those who start programs before that date can continue using Grad PLUS loans throughout their programs.

The elimination means future graduate students will max out at $20,500 per year in federal student loans through Direct Unsubsidized Loans. Programs with higher costs of attendance will require alternative funding sources like private student loans  to cover the gap.

Consider a typical scenario: A master’s program in STEM or business at a top university often costs $50,000 to $80,000 per year including tuition, fees, living expenses and health insurance. The $20,500 federal loan limit leaves a substantial funding gap that previously would have been covered by Grad PLUS loans. Understanding how graduate student loans work is more important than ever to finance that difference.

Key timeline details:

  • Before July 1, 2026: Students starting programs can use Grad PLUS loans throughout their enrollment
  • After July 1, 2026: New graduate students can only access Direct Unsubsidized Loans ($20,500 annual limit)
  • Current students: No changes to your existing Grad PLUS loans or continued eligibility

Explore MBA Private Student Loans

Have questions about your funding options? Learn why graduate students choose MPOWER Financing.

Why private student loans are the primary alternative

With Grad PLUS elimination creating a significant funding gap, private student loans become the most practical solution for covering costs beyond federal loan limits. Private loans let you borrow up to your cost of attendance, similar to how Grad PLUS loans previously functioned.

Private student loans differ from federal loans in several ways:

Evaluation approach: Private lenders typically evaluate your credit profile, income potential and program of study rather than just checking for adverse credit history. Graduate students in high-ROI programs like STEM, business or medicine often qualify for competitive rates.

Interest rates and fees: Rates vary by lender and borrower profile. Some private lenders offer rates starting around 9.99% to 14% with origination fees ranging from 0% to 5%, compared to Grad PLUS’s uniform 8.94% rate plus 4.228% origination fee. Your total borrowing cost depends on your qualification profile. Read more about How Grad PLUS rates compare to private loans. 

Repayment flexibility: Federal loans offer income-driven repayment and potential loan forgiveness through programs like Public Service Loan Forgiveness. Most private loans use standard, graduated or extended repayment plans without income-driven options. Consider your career plans when weighing this trade-off.

Cosigner requirements: While Grad PLUS loans didn’t require cosigners (only endorsers if you had adverse credit), some private lenders require cosigners for graduate students without established U.S. credit history or steady income. Other private lenders evaluate students based on future earning potential rather than requiring cosigners.

The practical reality: If your program costs exceed the $20,500 federal limit, you need additional funding. Private student loans provide that funding in amounts similar to what Grad PLUS previously offered, often with competitive total costs for qualified borrowers.

How to evaluate private student loan options

When comparing alternatives to Grad PLUS loans, focus on total cost rather than just interest rates. The combination of interest rate and origination fees determines what you’ll actually pay.

Calculate total borrowing cost: A loan with a 10% interest rate and 0% origination fee costs less than a loan with a 9% interest rate and 5% origination fee on the same borrowed amount over the same repayment period.

Consider your program and career trajectory: Lenders that evaluate based on future earning potential rather than just current credit may offer better terms for graduate students in high-ROI programs. STEM master’s degrees, MBA programs and health professional programs typically have strong post-graduation earnings, which some lenders factor into their evaluation.

Review prepayment policies: Federal loans don’t charge prepayment penalties, and quality private loans shouldn’t either. If you plan to make extra payments or pay off your loan early, confirm there’s no penalty.

Understand repayment flexibility: Most private loans offer in-school deferment (no payments while enrolled) plus a grace period after graduation. Some offer interest-only payment options during school. Compare these terms across lenders to find what works for your situation.

Fixed vs. variable rates: Federal Grad PLUS loans had fixed rates, providing payment predictability. When comparing private loans, fixed rates offer the same stability, while variable rates may start lower but can increase over time.

When deciding between federal and private student loans, consider both current costs and your repayment flexibility needs.

Diverse graduate students in various professional program settings: medical student in scrubs, law student with books, MBA student in business attire

MPOWER private graduate student loans: Filling the Grad PLUS gap

MPOWER Financing’s private student loans are designed specifically to address the funding gap that Grad PLUS elimination creates for graduate students. The evaluation approach focuses on future potential rather than requiring extensive U.S. credit history or cosigners.

How MPOWER Financing works for graduate students:

MPOWER evaluates your application based on your university, program of study and career trajectory rather than just credit score. Graduate students in STEM programs, business degrees and health professional programs at MPOWER-eligible schools can often qualify for competitive rates even without established U.S. credit history.

The loans cover $2,001 up to $100,000, letting you bridge the gap between federal loan limits and your actual program costs. If your program costs $60,000 annually and you receive $20,500 in federal loans, MPOWER can provide the remaining $39,500 in private loan funding.

Fixed interest rates starting at 9.99% (9.99% APR)* provide payment stability similar to federal loans. The rate includes a 0.25% discount for enrolling in automatic payments and never increases over the life of your loan.

Risk-based origination fees (0% to 5%): Qualified borrowers often pay lower origination fees than Grad PLUS’s uniform 4.228%. Your specific fee depends on your academic profile, program and university.

No cosigner required: The evaluation considers your future earning potential, eliminating the need for a cosigner even if you don’t have extensive U.S. credit history.

No prepayment penalty: Pay off your loan early without penalty to reduce total interest costs.

Program flexibility: MPOWER supports full-time and part-time programs, including online and hybrid formats, at 500+ eligible U.S. universities.

Comparing your options: Federal vs. private student loans

Understanding how private loans compare to the previous Grad PLUS option helps you make informed borrowing decisions for your graduate program.

Factor

Direct Unsubsidized Loan

Grad PLUS (eliminated 2026)

MPOWER Private Loan

Annual limit

$20,500

Up to cost of attendance

$2,001 to $100,000 total

Interest rate

7.94% (2025-26)

8.94% (2025-26)

Starting at 9.99% (9.99% APR)*

Origination fee

1.057%

4.228%

0% to 5% (risk-based)

Cosigner required

No

No (endorser if adverse credit)

No

Credit check

No

Adverse credit history check

Credit plus future potential

Repayment options

Standard, income-driven, extended

Standard, income-driven, extended

10-year repayment

Prepayment penalty

No

No

No

*Includes 0.25% discount for automatic payments. Subject to credit approval.

MPOWER Financing Graduate Student Loan

A loan based on your future earnings

FAQs

Private student loans are the primary alternative for covering costs beyond the $20,500 annual federal Direct Unsubsidized Loan limit. Compare lenders that evaluate based on your program of study and future earning potential rather than requiring extensive credit history or cosigners. Focus on total borrowing cost (interest rate plus origination fees) when comparing options.

Graduate students can borrow up to $20,500 per year in Direct Unsubsidized Loans, with a lifetime limit of $138,500 (including undergraduate borrowing). This amount often doesn’t cover the full cost of graduate programs, requiring additional funding sources.

Most private loans don’t offer income-driven repayment or loan forgiveness programs that federal loans provide. However, private loans typically offer standard, graduated and extended repayment plans with in-school deferment options. If income-driven repayment is important to your strategy, maximize federal borrowing before turning to private loans.

Yes, both federal and private loans can be refinanced after graduation if you qualify for better terms. However, refinancing federal loans into private loans eliminates federal protections like income-driven repayment and potential loan forgiveness. Consider this trade-off carefully based on your career plans.

Private lenders evaluate factors including credit score, program of study, university reputation and future earning potential. Graduate students in high-ROI programs (STEM, business, medicine) at reputable universities often qualify even without extensive U.S. credit history. Many lenders offer prequalification with a soft credit check that doesn’t impact your credit score.

Some lenders require cosigners for graduate students without established credit history. However, other lenders (like MPOWER) evaluate based on future earning potential and don’t require cosigners. If your goal is financial independence, look for no-cosigner options that match your academic profile.

If private loans don’t cover your full gap, consider: reducing living expenses, working part-time during school, applying for scholarships and assistantships or choosing a less expensive program. Many graduate programs also offer research or teaching assistantships that provide tuition benefits plus a stipend.

DISCLAIMER – All terms and conditions are subject to change at any time. Subject to credit approval, loans are made by Bank of Lake Mills or MPOWER Financing, PBC. Bank of Lake Mills does not have an ownership interest in MPOWER Financing. Neither MPOWER Financing nor Bank of Lake Mills is affiliated with the school you attended or are attending. Bank of Lake Mills is Member FDIC. None of the information contained in this website constitutes a recommendation, solicitation or offer by MPOWER Financing or its affiliates to buy or sell any securities or other financial instruments or other assets or provide any investment advice or service.

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